Is it possible for a fabric mask to lower your chances of contracting COVID-19?
Written by Susan Parker | Updated on May 28, 2025
Reviewed by Susan Parker
11 sources cited
Overview
It is widely debated how effective face masks are in preventing the spread of COVID-19. The primary purpose of wearing a face mask is to reduce the inhalation of droplets and aerosols that may contain the virus. Additionally, masks are meant to decrease the spread of infected particles from asymptomatic individuals.
Studies have shown varying results on the effectiveness of masks. Some research suggests that masks can reduce the emission of viruses in droplets, but may not be as effective against aerosol sprays. Different types of masks, such as cloth masks and N95 respirators, offer varying levels of protection.
They Help, But It’s Not Sure How Much
Research on cloth masks and surgical masks has shown conflicting results regarding their ability to prevent the transmission of infectious particles. While masks may reduce the dispersion radius of droplets, their effectiveness in preventing transmission from asymptomatic individuals remains uncertain.
Another study indicated that masks can reduce the emission of viruses in droplets but may not be as effective against tiny aerosol particles. The efficacy of masks depends on factors such as the material and fit.
Not all Masks are Alike
N95 masks are considered more effective at protecting against infection compared to cloth masks. However, proper fitting and wearing instructions are crucial for their effectiveness. Studies have shown that many individuals struggle to wear N95 masks correctly, which can impact their protective capabilities.
It is important to wear masks in crowded or close-contact settings, along with practicing social distancing and hand hygiene. Ensuring a proper fit and handling of masks is essential to maximize their effectiveness.
Best Materials For a Cloth Mask
The filtration abilities of cloth masks can vary based on the material used. Multiple layers and combinations of materials, such as cotton and flannel, can offer increased protection. However, adding more layers may make it harder to breathe, especially for children under two and individuals with breathing difficulties.
Studies have suggested that wearing masks at home may reduce the transmission of COVID-19 among family members, particularly in high-risk environments. Proper mask maintenance, such as washing after each use, is essential for optimal protection.
