Obscure Amino Acid Offers Protection Against Aging

Overview

Chances are you are unfamiliar with an amino acid called ergothioneine and its importance for your health. However, when it comes to safeguarding yourself against the effects of aging and illnesses, ergothioneine is incredibly valuable. Here's what you should know... Ergothioneine serves as an antioxidant that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from damage. Research indicates that ergothioneine is essential for safeguarding the mitochondria found in most cells. It is believed to be the sole antioxidant that accumulates in these vital energy-producing organelles. This accumulation suggests that consuming an adequate amount of this nutrient may contribute to healthier aging.¹ When ergothioneine was first discovered in 1909 as a by-product of specific bacteria and fungi, its significance to human health was initially underestimated. However, scientists soon realized that plants and virtually all animals, including humans, store this compound in most of their cells to maintain health. Moreover, the body cannot produce ergothioneine on its own; it must be obtained through diet.

Your Body Provides Special Treatment to this Amino Acid

Through molecular analysis of the consumption of foods containing ergothioneine, researchers have identified specialized transport mechanisms that ensure this nutrient is delivered to where it is needed after absorption in the digestive tract. It's as if the body has a dedicated VIP transport service ready to swiftly deliver this essential nutrient to its required destinations for immediate action.² Once ergothioneine enters the body, a significant portion is directed to organs that are most susceptible to damage from inflammation and oxidative stress associated with aging, illnesses, or environmental factors. These organs include the liver, eye lens and cornea, bone marrow, and red blood cells.

The Anti-Aging Nutrient that Provides Significant Benefits for Your Liver

An example of a health condition where ergothioneine can be beneficial is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a major health concern associated with obesity, type-2 diabetes, and lacking effective conventional treatments. Recent studies suggest that ergothioneine may offer assistance in such cases. Research conducted in Asia indicates that increased amounts of ergothioneine are delivered to the liver when fatty liver issues arise to help mitigate liver damage.³ Additionally, another study demonstrates that besides combating oxidative stress, ergothioneine can bind to excessive iron in the liver to reduce inflammation and protect liver cells from destruction. This binding process leads to the excretion of the iron-amino acid complex from the body.⁴

Additionally, Shields Against Diabetes and Cardiovascular Conditions

Researchers have explored how ergothioneine can aid in combating type-2 diabetes and the cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes. A study involving individuals with pre-diabetes and metabolic syndrome who consumed ergothioneine-rich mushrooms daily for four months revealed a doubling of their blood levels of ergothioneine. Furthermore, oxidative stress and inflammation decreased in their bodies, indicating potential improvements in heart health.⁵ Furthermore, an Italian study indicates that ergothioneine can protect artery walls from damage caused by high blood sugar levels in diabetes and pre-diabetes.⁶

Halts Skin Aging

Scientists suggest that one of the potent effects of ergothioneine is its antioxidant properties in skin protection. Studies conducted in Asia and the U.S. reveal that ergothioneine can shield skin cells from ultraviolet sun damage and prevent oxidative harm. Consequently, researchers speculate that future skincare products may incorporate ergothioneine. These numerous benefits have led researchers to argue that the "American diet may lack sufficient ergothioneine to adequately guard against age-related chronic diseases."⁹

Enhancing Your Ergothioneine Levels

Most human studies recommend increasing ergothioneine levels by consuming more mushrooms. While taking ergothioneine supplements in a study showed no adverse effects, the short duration of seven days prevents any definitive conclusions about its benefits or risks.¹⁰ To boost your ergothioneine intake, include more mushrooms in your diet, as they contain the highest concentration of this protective nutrient. Other foods relatively rich in ergothioneine, albeit less than mushrooms, include tempeh, chicken liver, oats, and kidney beans.

References

Fadó R, Molins A, Rojas R, Casals N. Feeding the Brain: Effect of Nutrients on Cognition, Synaptic Function, and AMPA Receptors. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 5;14(19):4137. doi: 10.3390/nu14194137. PMID: 36235789; PMCID: PMC9572450.

Zhang R, Zhang M, Wang P. The intricate interplay between dietary habits and cognitive function: insights from the gut-brain axis. Front Nutr. 2025 Jan 29;12:1539355. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1539355. PMID: 39944956; PMCID: PMC11813792.

"Food for the Brain" initiative by the Food for the Brain Foundation, a UK-based charity dedicated to raising awareness about the impact of nutrition and lifestyle on mental well-being and cognitive health.

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5 Causes of Brain Fog, Functional Medicine Meridian ID.

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Brain Fog. Cleveland Clinic.

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Susan Parker

Susan Parker is a 49-year-old Senior Manager at a marketing firm. With two older children becoming more independent, she is now focusing on her own health and wellbeing. She’s passionate about natural and holistic health approaches, and values high-quality, trustworthy products. Susan enjoys yoga, gardening, reading, and cooking, and seeks to stay energetic and sharp while balancing a busy career and personal life.