The Health Implications of Your Eye Color

The Song of the Gaze is an old tune that serves as a reminder of the insights your eyes can offer into your romantic destiny. While the romantic aspect remains unverified, it is worth noting that your eye color can provide clues about your potential wellness future. Scientists have revealed that the hue of your eyes can give hints about your genetic predisposition to specific conditions and illnesses. This is a fascinating area of study. Your eye color is determined by the amount of melanin present in the iris. Melanin is a pigment that dictates the color of both your eyes and skin. Eyes with brown coloring contain the highest melanin levels, while blue or green/hazel eyes possess much lower concentrations. The color of your eyes is an inherited characteristic governed by your genes. While initially believed to be controlled by a single gene, it is now recognized as the result of a complex interplay among various genes responsible for generating, transporting, and storing melanin. Research indicates that eye color can impact your susceptibility to melanoma and vitiligo. Melanoma is a severe type of skin cancer, whereas vitiligo leads to white patches on the skin due to a lack of pigmentation. Individuals with lighter eye shades have a reduced risk of vitiligo but an increased risk of melanoma. Conversely, those with dark brown eyes face a higher risk of vitiligo but a lower risk of skin cancer. Scientists theorize that the cellular processes involved in vitiligo might aid in battling cancer.¹ Scientist Richard Spritz explains, "Genetically, vitiligo and melanoma are opposites. Genetic variations that heighten the chances of vitiligo may lessen the risk of melanoma, and vice versa." Other cancer risks associated with eye color include:

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Research suggests that individuals with hazel eyes have an elevated risk of this lymphatic system cancer.²
Iris melanoma: Studies indicate that blue-eyed individuals are more susceptible to this uncommon form of eye cancer.³ However, its rarity means there is no need for excessive concern.

Connection to Endometriosis

In women, eye color may also be linked to the likelihood of developing endometriosis. This painful condition involves the abnormal growth of uterine tissue outside the uterus, often on the ovaries or fallopian tubes. Endometriosis affects about ten percent of women before menopause and can result in chronic fatigue syndrome, infertility, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, allergies, and sensitivities to chemicals.⁴ Italian researchers have found that women with blue eyes have a notably higher risk of developing severe endometriosis, which causes extreme pain and infertility.⁵ They propose that genes influencing eye color could also impact the overgrowth associated with endometriosis. Several other conditions have been associated with eye color:

Risk of alcohol abuse: Research shows that individuals with blue eyes are more prone to problematic drinking compared to those with dark brown eyes.⁶
Risks of macular degeneration and cataracts: People with brown eyes may have a lower risk of vision loss due to macular degeneration, whereas those with blue eyes are more susceptible to cataracts.⁷

Remember, your eye color does not dictate whether you will experience these conditions. It only influences your level of risk. Furthermore, a study revealed that women with blue eyes might have a higher tolerance for pain than those with brown or hazel eyes.⁸ However, this does not imply that they experience less pain; they may simply handle it better.

References

Fadó R, Molins A, Rojas R, Casals N. Feeding the Brain: Effect of Nutrients on Cognition, Synaptic Function, and AMPA Receptors. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 5;14(19):4137. doi: 10.3390/nu14194137. PMID: 36235789; PMCID: PMC9572450.

Zhang R, Zhang M, Wang P. The intricate interplay between dietary habits and cognitive function: insights from the gut-brain axis. Front Nutr. 2025 Jan 29;12:1539355. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1539355. PMID: 39944956; PMCID: PMC11813792.

"Food for the Brain" initiative by the Food for the Brain Foundation, a UK-based charity dedicated to raising awareness about the impact of nutrition and lifestyle on mental well-being and cognitive health.

6 Possible Causes of Brain Fog.

5 Causes of Brain Fog, Functional Medicine Meridian ID.

Brain Fog After Eating? These are the Worst Culprits.

How Your Diet Influences Brain Fog.

Brain Fog. Cleveland Clinic.

To Prevent Brain Fog at Work, Watch Wat (And How) You Eat.

Feeling Foggy? Here's How Nutrition Can Help.

Food allergy, intolerance, or sensitivity: What’s the difference, and why does it matter?

Susan Parker

Susan Parker is a 49-year-old Senior Manager at a marketing firm. With two older children becoming more independent, she is now focusing on her own health and wellbeing. She’s passionate about natural and holistic health approaches, and values high-quality, trustworthy products. Susan enjoys yoga, gardening, reading, and cooking, and seeks to stay energetic and sharp while balancing a busy career and personal life.

The Health Implications of Your Eye Color

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Connection to Endometriosis

References

Susan Parker